ATMEGA128 Microcontroller Datasheet, Features, Pinout, and Applications

The ATMEGA128 is an 8-bit microcontroller from Microchip Technology based on the AVR RISC architecture. Known for its robust performance and extensive peripheral set, the ATMEGA128 is widely used in embedded systems, consumer electronics, and industrial automation. With its integrated flash memory, SRAM, and EEPROM, the ATMEGA128 is ideal for applications requiring efficient data processing and storage.

Overview of ATMEGA128

The ATMEGA128 is a high-performance 8-bit microcontroller featuring 128 KB of flash memory, 4 KB of SRAM, and 4 KB of EEPROM. It supports a range of communication interfaces, including UART, SPI, and I²C, making it suitable for a variety of applications. The microcontroller is designed for efficient operation with low power consumption and is fully programmable using the AVR instruction set.

Block Diagram of the AVR Architecture

ATMEGA128 Features

• High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR®8-bit Microcontroller
• Advanced RISC Architecture
  • 133 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
  • 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers + Peripheral Control Registers
  • Fully Static Operation
  • Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
  • On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory Segments
  • 128Kbytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
  • 4Kbytes EEPROM
  • 4Kbytes Internal SRAM
  • Write/Erase cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
  • Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C
  • Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
  • In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
  • True Read-While-Write Operation
  • Up to 64Kbytes Optional External Memory Space
  • Programming Lock for Software Security
  • SPI Interface for In-System Programming
• QTouch® library support
  • Capacitive touch buttons, sliders and wheels
  • QTouch and QMatrix acquisition
  • Up to 64 sense channels
• JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface
  • Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard
  • Extensive On-chip Debug Support
  • Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses and Lock Bits through the JTAG Interface
• Peripheral Features
  • Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalers and Compare Modes
  • Two Expanded 16-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode and Capture Mode
  • Real-Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
  • Two 8-bit PWM Channels
  • 6 PWM Channels with Programmable Resolution from 2 to 16 Bits
  • Output Compare Modulator
  • 8-channel, 10-bit ADC
  • 8 Single-ended Channels
  • 7 Differential Channels
  • 2 Differential Channels with Programmable Gain at 1x, 10x, or 200x
  • Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
  • Dual Programmable Serial USARTs
  • Enslaver/Slave SPI Serial Interface
  • Programmable Watchdog Timer with On-chip Oscillator
  • On-chip Analog Comparator
• Special Microcontroller Features
  • Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
  • Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
  • External and Internal Interrupt Sources
  • Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and Extended Standby
  • Software Selectable Clock Frequency
  • ATmega103 Compatibility Mode Selected by a Fuse
  • Global Pull-up Disable
• I/O and Packages
  • 53 Programmable I/O Lines
  • 64-lead TQFP and 64-pad QFN/MLF
• Operating Voltages: 4.5 - 5.5V
• Speed Grades: 0 - 16MHz

ATMEGA128 Pinout

ATMEGA128 Block Diagram

ATMEGA128 Application

• Industrial Automation: Used in controlling machinery, monitoring sensors, and managing robotic systems due to its robustness and reliability.
• Automotive: Employed in-vehicle systems for controlling lights, managing engine functions, or as part of more complex automotive diagnostics systems.
• Consumer Electronics: Found in home appliances like smart thermostats or automated lighting systems, enhancing user interaction and functionality.
• Communication Systems: Used in devices requiring reliable data transmission, such as small-scale RF transceivers or wireless modems.
• Medical Devices: Integrated into medical monitoring equipment to manage sensor data, user inputs, and display outputs effectively.
• Measurement Systems: Utilized in systems requiring precise measurements and data logging, such as environmental monitoring stations or digital multimeters.
• Security Systems: Core to the operation of access control systems, security alarms, and surveillance equipment due to its ability to handle multiple inputs and outputs securely and reliably.
• Networking Equipment: Acts as a controller within small network hardware, such as routers or networked communication devices, to handle packet processing and routing decisions.

ATMEGA128 Package

The ATMEGA128 is available in TQFP and QFN packages, providing flexible integration options for PCB layouts. These packages are designed to accommodate high-density electronic designs, ensuring reliable operation in compact and portable applications.

ATMEGA128 Manufacturer

Microchip Technology, a leading provider of microcontrollers, memory, and analog semiconductors, manufactures the ATMEGA128. Microchip’s AVR microcontrollers are widely recognized for their reliability, efficiency, and extensive development support.

ATMEGA128 Datasheet

The ATMEGA128 datasheet provides comprehensive technical details, including electrical characteristics, pin configurations, and programming guidelines. Engineers can refer to the datasheet to optimize the integration of the ATMEGA128 into their systems, ensuring reliable performance and efficient operation.

ATMEGA128 vs. Other Microcontrollers

• ATMEGA128 vs. ATMEGA2560: The ATMEGA2560 offers double the flash memory (256 KB) and additional I/O pins, making it suitable for more complex applications. However, the ATMEGA128 is a more cost-effective solution for mid-range designs.
• ATMEGA128 vs. PIC18F452: The PIC18F452 from Microchip is another 8-bit microcontroller with similar functionality, but the ATMEGA128 offers a richer set of peripherals and faster instruction execution.
• ATMEGA128 vs. STM32F103C8: The STM32F103C8 is a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller, providing higher processing power but with increased complexity and power requirements compared to the ATMEGA128.

Popular ATMEGA128 Microcontroller

Conclusion

The ATMEGA128 microcontroller is a versatile and reliable solution for a wide range of embedded applications. With its extensive memory, advanced peripherals, and low power consumption, the ATMEGA128 is an excellent choice for consumer electronics, industrial automation, and IoT devices. Its robust performance and flexible packaging options make it ideal for compact and energy-sensitive designs.

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